的安全性和耐受性quinupristin / dalfopristin:政府指导方针。

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Rubinstein E Prokocimer P,托尔伯特GH

的安全性和耐受性quinupristin / dalfopristin:政府指导方针。

J Antimicrob Chemother。1999年9月,44增刊:37-46。

PubMed ID

10511396 (在PubMed

]

文摘

的安全性和耐受性quinupristin / dalfopristin评估比较和non-comparative试验(2298 quinupristin / dalfopristin-treated患者)。比较临床试验中,最常见的系统性quinupristin相关不良事件/ dalfopristin恶心(4.6%)、腹泻(2.7%)、呕吐(2.7%)和皮疹(2.5%)。比较器组显示相似率,除了恶心明显更常见(7.2%;P = 0.01)。non-comparative试验中,关节痛和肌痛报道最常见但可逆治疗停药。肾、内耳、心血管和中枢神经系统没有涉及的重要靶器官毒性。当地最常见的不良事件相关注入quinupristin / dalfopristin炎症、疼痛、水肿,输液反应和血栓性静脉炎。实验室测试的结果在治疗可比quinupristin / dalfopristin和比较器组,除了增加共轭胆红素> 5 x的正常报告了5.5%的上限quinupristin / dalfopristin接受者;增加的总胆红素> 5 x正常发生在1.5%的上限。比较器接受者更频繁地增加丙氨酸转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶。 Quinupristin/dalfopristin inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4-mediated metabolism of drugs including midazolam, nifedipine, terfenadine and cyclosporin. Therefore, plasma drug monitoring and/or dosage reduction of these agents is prudent. Concomitant administration of drugs that can prolong the electrocardiographic QTc interval should be avoided. Quinupristin/dalfopristin is visually and chemically compatible with commonly used drugs of various classes, but it is not compatible with sodium chloride solution and certain other drugs, including some antimicrobials. Therefore, when prescribing quinupristin/dalfopristin, clinicians should be aware of the potential for peripheral venous intolerance, arthralgias and myalgias, increases in conjugated bilirubin, interactions with drugs metabolized by the cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme and certain physico-chemical incompatibilities. However, multiple studies have shown that the safety and tolerability of quinupristin/dalfopristin are generally favourable, and that it provides clear benefits to ill patients with severe gram-positive infections.

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药物酶

药物	酶	类	生物	药理作用	行动
Dalfopristin	细胞色素P450 3 a4	蛋白质	人类	未知的	抑制剂	细节
Quinupristin	细胞色素P450 3 a4	蛋白质	人类	未知的	抑制剂	细节