临床相关性今天激素避孕。

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临床相关性今天激素避孕。

霍恩杂志Investig。2018年10月26日,37 (1)。pii: / j / hmbci.ahead-of-print / hmbci - 2018 - 0030 / hmbci - 2018 - 0030. - xml。doi: 10.1515 / hmbci - 2018 - 0030。

PubMed ID

30367791 (在PubMed

]

文摘

避孕药是一种有效和安全的方法来控制怀孕。这是60年前开发的,尽管已经构成相同自首次开发(雌激素和孕激素),多年来炔雌醇的浓度提高耐受性降低。然而,孕激素的基本活性剂激素避孕。孕激素是一个多通道的机制和三个基本模式的避孕措施可以区分:(a)一个强大antigonadotrophic行动导致抑制排卵。每天必要的剂量的排卵抑制是内在每个固定剂量孕激素和独立使用的剂量的雌激素或孕激素的部分活动或应用程序的模式。(b)抑制精子穿透宫颈粘液的增厚和(c)失调子宫内膜的变化所必需的植入。市场上可用的孕激素用于避孕是用于结合激素避孕(平板电脑、补丁或阴道环)或孕激素避孕药。只孕激素避孕药具每日口服制剂,每月注射,植入物(2 - 3年)和子宫内的系统(IUS)。即使是长效孕激素是高度有效的典型的使用和有一个非常低的风险。根据他们的介绍进入市场,孕激素联合激素避孕,有被描述为1日,2日,3日和4日代孕激素。 The different structures of progestogens are derivatives from testosterone, progesterone and spironolactone. These differences in the molecular structure determine pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic differential effects which contribute to the tolerability and additional beneficial or therapeutic effects whether used in combined oral contraceptive (COC) or as progestogen only drugs. These differences enhance the individual options for different patient profiles. The new development of polymers for vaginal rings allowed on the one hand, the improvement of the estrogen/progestogen combination in these rings especially regarding the comfort of use for women (e.g. avoiding the use of cold chains or packages with up to 6-month rings) and on the other hand, the development of progestogen only formulations. Another future development will be the introduction of new progestogen only pills that will provide effective contraceptive protection with more favorable bleeding patterns and a maintenance of ovulation inhibition after scheduled 24-h delays in pill intake than the existing progestogen only pill (POP) with desogestrel (DES).

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药物

炔雌醇