从乙醚吸入麻醉:氙。

文章的细节

引用

复制到剪贴板

Bovill詹

从乙醚吸入麻醉:氙。

Handb Exp杂志。2008;(182):121 - 42。doi: 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 540 - 74806 - 9 - _6。

PubMed ID

18175089 (在PubMed

]

文摘

现代麻醉据说始于乙醚麻醉的成功演示威廉•莫顿在1846年10月,即使与一氧化二氮麻醉用于牙科2年前。用乙醚麻醉,一氧化二氮和氯仿(1847年)为手术迅速普及。其中,只有一氧化二氮今天仍在使用。所有现代挥发性麻醉药、除氟烷(氟烷烃),卤代甲基乙基醚。甲基乙基醚更强大、稳定、比二乙基醚更好的麻醉药。他们都导致心肌抑制,最明显氟烷、异氟烷和七氟醚最低心血管萧条。卤代醚也抑制正常的呼吸反应二氧化碳和缺氧。其他副作用包括肝和肾损害。与氟烷肝炎发生最频繁,尽管罕见的病例报告和其他代理。麻醉药引起的肝损伤并不是自己,而是通过活性代谢物。 Type I hepatitis occurs fairly commonly and takes the form of a minor disturbance of liver enzymes, which usually resolves without treatment. Type II, thought to be immune-mediated, is rare, unpredictable and results in a severe fulminant hepatitis with a high mortality. Renal damage is rare, and was most often associated with methoxyflurane because of excessive plasma fluoride concentrations resulting from its metabolism. Methoxyflurane was withdrawn from the market because of the high incidence of nephrotoxicity. Among the contemporary anaesthetics, the highest fluoride concentrations have been reported with sevoflurane, but there are no reports of renal dysfunction associated with its use. Recently there has been a renewed interest in xenon, one of the noble gases. Xenon has many of the properties of an ideal anaesthetic. The major factor limiting its more widespread is the high cost, about 2,000 times the cost of nitrous oxide.

beplay体育安全吗DrugBank数据引用了这篇文章

药物

氟烷