蜱传脑炎在欧洲和俄罗斯:审查的发病机理、临床特征、治疗和疫苗。

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Ruzek D, Avsic Zupanc T梁J, Chrdle,注视者L, Karganova G, Kholodilov我打碎N, Kozlovskaya L, Matveev,米勒的广告,Osolodkin DI,奥尔白AK, Tikunova N, Tkachev年代,Zajkowska J

蜱传脑炎在欧洲和俄罗斯:审查的发病机理、临床特征、治疗和疫苗。

抗病毒研究》2019年4月,164:23-51。doi: 10.1016 / j.antiviral.2019.01.014。Epub 2019年1月31日。

PubMed ID

30710567 (在PubMed

]

文摘

蜱传脑炎(此种)是由蜱传脑炎病毒引起的一种疾病(TBEV)感染发热性疾病通常是有限的,但可能会导致下游神经表现非常积极。疾病流行在欧洲和亚洲东北部的森林地区,涉及三种,通常是由感染引起TBEV亚型,即欧洲(TBEV-Eu)、远东西伯利亚(TBEV-Sib)或(TBEV-FE)亚型。除了三个主要的TBEV亚型,另外两个亚型;即。贝加尔(TBEV-Bkl)和喜马拉雅亚型(TBEV-Him),最近被描述。在欧洲,TBEV-Eu感染通常会导致只有轻微的此种死亡率< 2%。TBEV-Sib通常感染也会导致温和此种关联到一个non-paralytic发热性脑炎,尽管有一个倾向持续此种慢性病毒感染引起的。TBE-FE感染被认为是诱导最严重的此种形式。重要的是,病毒亚型不是此种程度的唯一决定因素;轻微和严重的此种实际上是与感染有关的任何子类型。 In keeping with this observation, the overall TBE mortality rate in Russia is approximately 2%, in spite of the fact that TBEV-Sib and TBEV-FE subtypes appear to be inducers of more severe TBE than TBEV-Eu. On the other hand, TBEV-Sib and TBEV-FE subtype infections in Russia are associated with essentially unique forms of TBE rarely seen elsewhere if at all, such as the hemorrhagic and chronic (progressive) forms of the disease. For post-exposure prophylaxis and TBE treatment in Russia and Kazakhstan, a specific anti-TBEV immunoglobulin is currently used with well-documented efficacy, but the use of specific TBEV immunoglobulins has been discontinued in Europe due to concerns regarding antibody-enhanced disease in naive individuals. Therefore, new treatments are essential. This review summarizes available data on the pathogenesis and clinical features of TBE, plus different vaccine preparations available in Europe and Russia. In addition, new treatment possibilities, including small molecule drugs and experimental immunotherapies are reviewed. The authors caution that their descriptions of approved or experimental therapies should not be considered to be recommendations for patient care.

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