古典和新一代疫苗平台SARS-CoV-2:生物技术战略和基因变异。
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摄影记者RSQ Rodriguez-Lazaro D
古典和新一代疫苗平台SARS-CoV-2:生物技术战略和基因变异。
Int J围住Res公共卫生。2022年2月18日,19 (4)。pii: ijerph19042392。doi: 10.3390 / ijerph19042392。
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35206580 (在PubMed]
- 文摘
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几个冠状病毒(浸)已被确认为人类病原体,包括alpha-CoVs菌株hcov - 229 e和HCoV-NL63 beta-CoVs菌株HCoV-HKU1 HCoV-OC43。冠,MERS-CoV SARS-CoV-2也列为beta-coronavirus。新SARS-CoV-2飙升基因组变异负责人际和种间传播能力,适应株从动物传给人类的后果。(RBD)的SARS-CoV-2结合受体ACE2在人类和动物物种具有高亲和力,暗示有适应性的基因变异。新的基因组变异包括合并、替换或删除各种氨基酸的位置在S蛋白并与新菌株的出现适应了不同的主机。突变之间的相互作用残留和RBD已经证明了结构造型的变异,包括D614G, B.1.1.7, B1.351,第1页,P2;其他基因组变异允许逃避抗体产生的疫苗。流行病学和分子工具是用于实时跟踪病原体的进化,特别是新SARS-CoV-2变体。COVID-19疫苗从古典和新一代疫苗生产平台已进入临床试验。第一代生物技术策略(减毒、灭活virus-CoronaVac CoVaxin; BBIBP-CorV), second generation (replicating-incompetent vector vaccines-ChAdOx-1; Ad5-nCoV; Sputnik V; JNJ-78436735 vaccine-replicating-competent vector, protein subunits, virus-like particles-NVX-CoV2373 vaccine), and third generation (nucleic-acid vaccines-INO-4800 (DNA); mRNA-1273 and BNT 162b (RNA vaccines) have been used. Additionally, dendritic cells (LV-SMENP-DC) and artificial antigen-presenting (aAPC) cells modified with lentiviral vector have also been developed to inhibit viral activity. Recombinant vaccines against COVID-19 are continuously being applied, and new clinical trials have been tested by interchangeability studies of viral vaccines developed by classical and next-generation platforms.
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