钡灌肠的识别和预防并发症。

文章的细节

引用

复制到剪贴板

威廉姆斯SM Harned家乡

钡灌肠的识别和预防并发症。

咕咕叫Probl成岩作用Jul-Aug Radiol。1991; 20 (4): 123 - 51。

PubMed ID

1889235 (在PubMed

]

文摘

钡灌肠是一种安全、准确的诊断结肠癌的研究,但在极少数情况下,可能导致并发症。这些可以通过适当的设备和小心注意预防技术。当出现并发症,及时识别并管理在降低发病率和死亡率是至关重要的。肠穿孔是最常见的严重并发症,发生在大约0.02%到0.04%的病人。很少结肠破裂由于过度透壁的压力。然而,冒号削弱了医源性创伤或疾病更可能穿孔在灌肠比一个正常健康的肠道。肛管直肠粘膜损伤或由于灌肠提示或保留气球可能是最常见的创伤钡灌肠穿孔的原因。通货膨胀的气球保留在一个狭窄,肿瘤、直肠发炎,或结肠造口术气孔尤其危险。最近深活检或与电烙术使肠息肉切除术更容易破裂。的抗拉强度在老年病人肠道壁受损,患者接受长期类固醇治疗,疾病包括肿瘤,憩室炎,炎症性肠病和缺血。 Intraperitoneal perforation leads to a severe, acute peritonitis with intravascular volume depletion. The ensuing shock may be rapidly fatal. Prompt fluid replacement and laparotomy are essential. If the patient survives the initial shock and sepsis, later complications caused by dense intraperitoneal adhesions may develop. Extraperitoneal perforation is usually less catastrophic but may result in pain, sepsis, cellulitis, abscess, rectal stricture, or fistula. Intramural extravasation often forms a persistent submucosal barium granuloma which may ulcerate or be mistaken for a neoplasm. The most dramatic complication of barium enema is venous intravasation of barium. Fortunately, this is quite rare as it may be immediately lethal. Most cases have been attributed to trauma from the enema tip or retention balloon, mucosal inflammation, or misplacement of the tip in the vagina. Bacteremia has been found in as many as 23% of patients following barium enema and, in rare cases, may cause symptomatic septicemia. Other less common complications include barium impaction, water intoxication, allergic reactions, and cardiac arrhythmias. Preparatory laxatives and cleansing enemas have been implicated in some instances of dehydration, rectal trauma, water intoxication, and perforation. Careful review of the indications for examination, previous radiographs, and clinical history will identify many of the patients at greater risk for complications so that appropriate precautions may be observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

beplay体育安全吗DrugBank数据引用了这篇文章

药物

硫酸钡