S-Adenosylmethionine和甲基化。

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蒋介石PK,戈登•RK Tal J,曾庆红GC,医生BP, Pardhasaradhi K,麦肯页

S-Adenosylmethionine和甲基化。

FASEB j . 1996年3月,10 (4):471 - 80。

PubMed ID

8647346 (在PubMed

]

文摘

S-Adenosylmethionine (AdoMet或山姆)作为甲基供体中起着举足轻重的作用在各种各样的生物和生化事件。虽然一直宣称AdoMet本身有疗效,它还有待建立了完整的细胞。S-Adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy),形成后捐赠AdoMet的甲基甲基受体,然后由AdoHcy水解腺苷和同型半胱氨酸水解酶。这种酶抑制一直是目标作为其封锁可以影响磷脂的甲基化,蛋白质、DNA、RNA和其他小分子。蛋白质carboxymethylation可能参与修复功能衰老的蛋白质,和热休克蛋白甲基化对压力的反应。细菌趋化性涉及carboxymethylation和脱甲基receptor-transducer蛋白质,虽然在哺乳动物细胞类似的作用还不清楚。磷脂甲基化的确切作用仍然开放。DNA甲基化与哺乳动物的基因活动,体细胞遗传、细胞分化。激活的基因已被归因于mCpG关键位点的脱甲基,和沉默的基因可能与特定的CpG位点的甲基化。病毒DNA基因组中存在细胞染色体外的单位和一般没有甲基化,尽管一旦整合到宿主染色体,与不同的甲基化模式的改变转录活动的范式。 Some viral latency may be related to DNA methylation. Cellular factors have been found to interact with methylated DNA sequences. Methylation of mammalian ribosomal RNAs occurs soon after the synthesis of its 47S precursor RNA in the nucleolus before cleavage to smaller fragments. Inhibition of the methylation of rRNA affects its processing to mature 18S and 28S rRNAs. The methylation of 5'-terminal cap plays an important role in mRNA export from the nucleus, efficient translation, and protection of the integrity of mRNAs. Another important function of AdoMet is that it serves as the sole donor of an aminopropyl group that is conjugated with putrescine to form, first, the polyamine spermidine, and then spermine.

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Ademetionine