肉碱:营养、生物合成和功能角度。

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Steiber,肯纳J, Hoppel CL

肉碱:营养、生物合成和功能角度。

地中海摩尔方面。2004 Oct-Dec; 25 (5 - 6): 455 - 73。

PubMed ID

15363636 (在PubMed

]

文摘

据报道,肉碱在人类根据身体成分不同,性别,和饮食。等离子体肉碱浓度积极与肉碱的饮食摄入量。食品中肉碱的含量是基于老方法不足。然而,饮食肉碱是重要的。肉碱的酶生物合成的分子生物学最近已经完成。肉碱生物合成途径需要在不同的组织,是一种有效的体系。总体可用性的生物合成是由trimethyllysine从组织蛋白质。在生物合成肉碱缺乏造成的缺陷尚未报道。肉碱的作用在长链脂肪酸氧化是定义良好的。最近的证据支持在压敏电阻器阴离子通道的运输acyl-CoAs通过线粒体外膜。 The mitochondrial outer membrane carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I in liver can be phosphorylated and when phosphorylated the sensitivity to malonyl-CoA is greatly decreased. This may explain the change in sensitivity of liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I observed during fasting and diabetes. Recently reported data clarify the role of carnitine and the carnitine transport system in the interplay between peroxisomes and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Lastly, the buffering of the acyl-CoA/CoA coupled by carnitine reflects intracellular metabolism. This mass action effect underlies the use of carnitine as a therapeutic agent. In summary, these new observations help to further our understanding of the molecular aspects of carnitine in medicine.

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药物

Levocarnitine