新药物治疗失眠:比较zopiclone耐受性,唑吡坦和zaleplon。

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Terzano毫克,罗西M, Palomba V, Smerieri, Parrino L

新药物治疗失眠:比较zopiclone耐受性,唑吡坦和zaleplon。

药物Saf。2003; (4): 261 - 82。

PubMed ID

12608888 (在PubMed

]

文摘

失眠会影响30 - 35%的人生活在发达国家。失眠在日间功能的影响及其与医学的关系和精神疾病需要早期治疗,防止失眠变得持久,避免并发症的发展。然而,药理战略镇静剂和副作用之间必须取得平衡。在过去的30年里,苯二氮卓类的首选药物治疗失眠。苯二氮卓类行为在两个中心非选择性受体网站,叫做ω(1)和ω(2),位于中枢神经系统的不同区域。苯二氮平类药物的镇静作用与ω(1)受体,而ω(2)受体负责对记忆和认知功能的影响。根据他们的药动学特征,苯二氮卓类可以分为三组:短半衰期(< 3小时)、中半衰期(- 24小时)和长半衰期(> 24小时)。更新的卢代理zopiclone,唑吡坦和zaleplon hypnosedative行动与苯二氮卓类相比较,但他们显示特定的药代动力学和药效学性质。这三个“Z”代理共同行动的血浆半衰期短,有限的持续时间。此外,这些代理是有选择性的化合物砂砾ω(1)受体(镇静效应),而苯二氮平类药物也与ω(2)受体(负面影响认知性能和内存)。 Zaleplon is characterised by an ultrashort half-life (approximately 1 hour). Zolpidem and zopiclone have longer half-lives (approximately 2.4 and 5 hours, respectively). These properties, together with the low risk of residual effect, may explain the limited negative influences of these agents on daytime performance. Psychomotor tasks and memory capacities appear to be better preserved by non-benzodiazepine agents than by benzodiazepines. When present, cognitive deficits almost exclusively coincide with the peak plasma concentration. In particular, impairment can emerge in the first hours after drug administration, whereas psychomotor and memory tests carried out 7-8 hours later (i.e. in the morning) generally show no relevant alterations. As with benzodiazepines, the three 'Z' non-benzodiazepine agents should be used for a limited period, even in chronic relapsing conditions. Further evaluation is needed of the safety of hypnosedative medications in the long-term management of insomnia.

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药物靶点

药物	目标	类	生物	药理作用	行动
Zaleplon	γ-氨基丁酸受体亚基alpha -	蛋白质	人类	是的	电位器	细节